不配置回指路由,就实现多网段网络互联,这有相当的实际需求。特别针对以下几种情况:
1、随着网络的复杂化,本来局域网是一个网段。后来因需要划分了多个网段,但是由于机器较多逐个修改IP地址和网关比较麻烦的情况。
2、出口的路由器为傻瓜产品无法自己添加静态路由,以及仅能对本地直连网段做NAT。
3、懒人,连路由都懒的配的懒人或配不好的新学。
拓扑结构:
1、PC1在VLAN 10中,IP地址是192.168.10.0/24
2、PC2在VLAN20中,IP地址是192.168.20.0/24
3、路由器在VLAN30中,IP地址是192.168.30.0/24
4、中间的交换机为三层交换或者是路由器(不需要VLAN)。
配置关键点:
1、三层交换机的VLAN10 VLAN20 VLAN30虚接口要起PROXY-ARP协议(CISCO默认是开启的此处采用的是CISCO设备,因此配置中体现不出来)。相关配置如下:
! interface FastEthernet3/0 switchport access vlan 10 ! interface FastEthernet3/1 switchport access vlan 20 ! interface FastEthernet3/2 switchport access vlan 30 ! interface Vlan10 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan20 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan30 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 |
2、下面PC机的网关可以设置为自身也可以设置为VLAN虚接口的网关。
3、出口路由器的内网IP地址掩码要变小(只要能够包含内网的相关网段即可),此处为了方便选用了16bit,IP地址是192.168.30.2/16,无需添加任何静态路由。相关配置如下:
interface FastEthernet2/0 ip address 192.168.30.2 255.255.0.0 duplex auto speed auto R3# show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set C? ? 192.168.0.0/16 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0 R3# |
四、测试结果如下:
R3#ping 192.168.10.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.10.2, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/72/120 ms R3#ping 192.168.20.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.2, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 60/76/116 ms R3# |