电脑技术学习

nginx下的Rewrite规则

dn001

Apache下的Rewrite规则是详细的规则,nginx下的中文文档好像没有看到,这是英文的文档:http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpRewriteModule

Apache下的Rewrite规则基本上到nginx下,也可以直接使用,不行的话用引号引起来一般就都可以了。下面是我收集整理的一些记录。

nginx的rewrite格式是:rewrite regex replacement flag
其中flag标记有四种格式:
last – 相当于Apache中的L
break – 中止Rewirte,不在继续匹配
redirect – 返回临时重定向的HTTP状态302,相当于Apache中的R
permanent – 返回永久重定向的HTTP状态301,相当于Apache中的R=301
可以放在server, location 和 if 模块中。

匹配判断
~  为区分大小写匹配; !~为区分大小写不匹配
~* 为不区分大小写匹配;!~为不区分大小写不匹配
例如下面设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下:
if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {
  rewrite  ^(.*)$  /msie/$1  break;
}

一些常用的nginx下的Rewrite代码。

1.只使用一个网址,比如主力网址设为www.pc004.com。

if ($host != 'www.pc004.com' ) {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.pc004.com/$1 permanent;
}

访问pc004.com时,会自动跳转到www.pc004.com。

2.防盗链

location ~* .(gif|jpg|png|swf|flv)$ {
valid_referers none blocked 9enjoy.com itlearner.com;
if ($invalid_referer) {
return 403;
}
}

盗链时则返回403错误,允许的域名可以直接跟在第二行的域名后面。

3.WordPress的Rewrite
location / {
index index.html index.php;
if (-f $request_filename/index.html){
rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;
}
if (-f $request_filename/index.php){
rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;
}
if (!-f $request_filename){
rewrite (.*) /index.php;
}
}

目前,代码收藏上就是使用的这段代码。

4.bo-blog在nginx下的Rewrite规则
 
   if (!-e $request_filename) {
      rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /read.php?entryid=$1&page=$2&part=$3 last;
      rewrite ^/page/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/?$ /index.php?mode=$1&page=$2 last;
      rewrite ^/starred/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /star.php?mode=$1&page=$2 last;
      rewrite ^/category/([^/]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?go=category_$1&mode=$2&page=$3 last;
      rewrite ^/archiver/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?go=archive&cm=$1&cy=$2&mode=$3&page=$4 last;
      rewrite ^/date/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /index.php?go=showday_$1-$2-$3&mode=$4&page=$5 last;
      rewrite ^/user/([0-9]+)/?$ /view.php?go=user_$1 last;
      rewrite ^/tags/([^/]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /tag.php?tag=$1&mode=$2&page=$3 last;
      rewrite ^/component/id/([0-9]+)/?$ /page.php?pageid=$1 last;
      rewrite ^/component/([^/]+)/?$ /page.php?pagealias=$1 last;

      #Force redirection for old rules
      rewrite ^/read\.php/([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/$2/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/post/([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/post/$1/$2/$3/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/index\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/page/$1/$2/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/star\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/starred/$1/$2/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/category\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/category/$1/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/category\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/category/$1/$2/$3/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/archive\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/archiver/$1/$2/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/archive\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/archiver/$1/$2/$3/$4/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/showday\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/date/$1/$2/$3/ permanent;
      rewrite ^/showday\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\_([0-9]+)\.htm$ http://$host/date/$1/$2/$3/$4/$5/ permanent;

      #Filename alias
      rewrite ^/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/?([0-9]+)?/?([0-9]+)?/?$ /read.php?blogalias=$1&page=$2&part=$3 last;
    }